Psychological support in adaptive physical culture: The impact of physical activity on the emotional state and self-esteem of children

Solovyova Marina Viktorovna

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Psychological support
in adaptive physical culture: The impact of physical activity on the emotional state and self-esteem of children

Introduction:
Physical activity is not only a way to maintain physical health, but also a powerful tool for improving psychological well-being. In the context of adaptive physical education (AFC), its role in improving the emotional state and self-esteem of children with special needs is particularly important.

The main part:

1. The effect of physical activity on mood and emotions:
- Research shows that regular exercise promotes the production of endorphins — "happiness hormones" that naturally improve mood.
- AFC offers adapted exercises that help children with special needs feel the joy of movement and success in physical exercises.

2. Strengthening self-esteem through achievements:
- Participation in sports events and achieving visible results in AFC can significantly improve children's self-esteem.
- Personalized goals and the adaptation of classes to the individual capabilities of each child allow them to feel successful and valuable.

3. Developing social skills and teamwork:
- AFC classes often include group exercises and games that teach children to interact and work as a team.
- These skills are important not only in sports, but also in everyday life, contributing to better socialization and mutual understanding.

4. The role of coaches and psychologists in AFC:
- AFC professionals should have skills not only in the field of physical development, but also an understanding of the psychological aspects of working with children with special needs.
- An individual approach and psychological support from the coaches can significantly improve the engagement and results of classes.

Conclusion:
Adaptive physical education not only contributes to the physical development of children with special needs, but also plays a key role in shaping their psychological well-being. Regular classes help to improve emotional state, strengthen self-esteem and develop social skills, making children more confident and happy.

Adaptive physical education (AFC) is an important part of the educational program for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and other developmental disabilities. The main goal of the AFC is to ensure the accessibility and effectiveness of physical education for each child, taking into account his individual needs, capabilities and preferences. In this article, we will discuss how to develop individual AFC programs for children with ASD and adapt exercises to the specific needs and capabilities of each child.

Assessment of individual needs
The first step in developing an individual AFC program is a thorough assessment of the child's physical, psychological and social needs. This includes:

- Study of medical history and current health status.
- Assessment of motor skills, coordination, strength and endurance.
- Understanding the child's preferences regarding physical activities.
- Taking into account the peculiarities of behavior and communication skills.

Development of individual goals
Based on the assessment, specific AFC goals are formulated for each child. Goals may include:

- Improve motor skills and coordination.
- Development of strength and endurance.
- Socialization and improvement of communication skills through group activities.
- Increase self-esteem and confidence in your physical abilities.

Adapting exercises
Adapting exercises to the specific needs and capabilities of a child is a key aspect of AFC. This may include:

- Modification of standard exercises to take into account physical limitations.
- The use of specialized equipment such as soft mats, balls with handles or adapted bicycles.
- Development of games and activities that motivate the child and correspond to his interests.
- The inclusion of visual and audio prompts for children with perceptual disabilities.
- Gradually increase the difficulty and intensity of exercises to stimulate progress without overloading.

An individual approach to learning
It is important to approach each child's education individually, taking into account their unique characteristics and needs. This may include:

- Building a trusting relationship with the child and creating a positive and supportive atmosphere.
- Using rewards and positive reinforcement to motivate and strengthen desired behavior.
- The use of various teaching methods, including visual, tactile and audio tools, to improve understanding and assimilation of the material.
- Providing clear and understandable instructions adapted to the child's perception level.
- The introduction of pauses and breaks in classes to prevent overwork and maintain concentration.

Monitoring and adjustment of the program
Regular monitoring of the child's progress and adjustment of the AFC program are an integral part of successful adaptation. This includes:

- Assessment of the achievement of the set goals and making the necessary changes to the program.
- Adaptation of exercises and teaching methods in accordance with the development of the child's skills and abilities.
- Ensuring the safety and comfort of the child during classes, preventing injuries and overloads.
- Interaction with parents and other professionals working with the child to share information and coordinate efforts.

Conclusion
The development of individual AFC programs for children with ASD requires a careful approach, taking into account the individual characteristics of each child and flexibility in adapting exercises. With the help of a well-chosen physical activity program, it is possible to significantly improve the quality of life of children with ASD, promote their physical, emotional and social development. The main thing is an individual approach and constant interaction with specialists and parents to achieve the best results.

Author: physical education teacher of the highest category, author and head of the "Aut Fitness" project, methodologist of the scientific laboratory of the FRC MGPPU, Solovyova Marina Viktorovna.

Author: author and head of the project "Aut Fitness", teacher of physical culture FRC MGPPU, Solovyova Marina Viktorovna.

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